Which principle of design focuses on visual equality or weight in a composition?

The principle of design that specifically addresses visual equality or weight in a composition is balance. Balance refers to the distribution of visual elements in a way that creates a sense of stability in the design. It ensures that no single part of the artwork or layout overwhelms others, allowing for a harmonious and cohesive appearance.

When balance is achieved, the viewer's eye moves naturally across the composition without being drawn disproportionately to any one area. This can be accomplished through symmetrical balance, where elements are mirrored on both sides, or asymmetrical balance, where different elements are arranged in such a way that they create a visually pleasing equilibrium despite their dissimilarities.

The other principles mentioned, such as emphasis, proportion, and rhythm, contribute to the overall effectiveness of a design but do not specifically focus on the idea of visual weight or equality in the same way that balance does. Emphasis highlights specific areas to draw attention, proportion deals with the relationship between elements in terms of their size, and rhythm guides the viewer's eye through a design but does not inherently address the concept of balance.